How is malaria spread?

Malaria Disease

Malaria is a disease
caused by Plasmodium, protozoan parasite. The term malaria was first used by
Torti in 1753. Italian word 'Mal' meaning polluted and 'Aria' meaning air. From
these comes the word Malaria' (Malaria). The female Anopheles mosquito is the
carrier of the disease. The malaria parasite Proliferates in red blood cells,
causing symptoms of anemia in the patient. However, initially people thought
that this disease was caused by consuming polluted air. The ancient Greek
physician Hippocrates, known as the "Father of Medicine", first
described the symptoms of the disease and tried to correlate it with the time
of year it occurred and where the patients lived.

The first documented
treatment of malaria dates back to the 1600s, when indigenous peoples of Peru
used the bitter bark of the cinchona tree medicinally. By 1649 it was available
in England as "Jesuit Powder".

By 1880, Charles
Laveron identified a single-celled parasitic protozoa from red blood cells as
the cause of malaria. As a result, the centuries-old misconception that
exposure to polluted air causes disease has ended. British doctor Sir Ronald
Ross working in India in 1897 proved that Anopheles (Anopheles) mosquito acts
as a carrier of this disease. He was awarded the Nobel Prize in Medicine in
1902 for this groundbreaking discovery.

Malaria is usually
diagnosed by microscopic examination of blood using blood films or
antigen-based rapid diagnostic tests. Modern technology has improved the use of
polymerase chain reaction to detect parasite DNA, but is not widely used in
malaria-affected areas due to its cost and complexity.

How is malaria spread?

When the Anopheles
mosquito feeds on the blood of a malaria patient, the gametocyte stage (male
and female gametocytes) of the malaria parasite enters the mosquito's body.
From these stages, the sporozoite in the body of the mosquito is transformed
into the stage and stays in the salivary gland of the mosquito. When a mosquito
carrying sporozoites ingests the blood of a healthy person, the sporozoites are
transformed into merozoites in the infected person's liver. Merozoites are
released into the blood and destroy red blood cells.

The main symptoms of
malaria are: -

1) Fever with
Trembling

2) High temperature
(105F-106F)

3) Nausea with severe
headache

5) After a while fever
leaves with sweat

There are three
stages of malarial fever, namely-

1) Cold Dasha- 10
minutes to 1 hour lasts

2) Utapa Dasha- 1
hour to 4 hours lasts

3) Gham dasha- 2
hours to 3 hours lasts

Every year, about
51.5 million people are infected with the disease and about 10 to 30 million
people die, most of them children in Saharan Africa area. Malaria is a
well-known infectious disease and is a major public health problem.