History of Democracy

  Ancient history of the rise of democracy in political science

Democracy is an ancient concept. The word democracy was prevalent in Athens, Greece. Democratic ideals are also found in the ancient scriptures of India. However, as a result of the European Renaissance, democratic ideals spread in the late Middle Ages. The full development of democracy as an ideal concept can be seen in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. The French Revolution, the American struggle for independence, has marked a significant step in the implementation of democratic ideals. Liberal philosophy in Europe in the nineteenth century gave democracy a new look, known as liberal democracy. Rousseau's theory of general will, Bentham's benevolence, Mill's individualism, Green's theory of resistance, Adam Smith's ideas of free trade and private enterprise enriched liberal democracy.

Democrat David Held has recently classified democracy. In his book, Models of Democracy, he states that the history of democracy is very strange and illusory. Although every political system claims to be democratic, there is a huge difference between what they say and what they do. Held has shown how democracy has been destroyed by fascism and Nazism, how deep democracy has been built through deep social struggle and self-sacrifice.

Theoretically, the complete opposite of democracy is dictatorship. Notable among the philosophers who provided special fuel for the foundations of the dictatorship were the German philosophers Hegel, Nietzsche and Tritzke. The basis of dictatorship is state power or animal power. In a dictatorship,state is head but the people are minor. In a dictatorship, the freedom, liberty and rights of the people are sacrificed for the state. Here first the state, then the people. In a dictatorship, the state is omnipotent, holistic and almighty. Dictatorships arose during the reigns of Nero and Julius Caesar in ancient Rome, Napoleon in France, Count Cavure in Italy, and Hitler in Germany in the twentieth century, Mussolini in Italy, and Franco in Spain.